Yes — Non-citizens Can Legally Vote in the United States.

Catherine Pugh, Esq.
4 min readJan 27, 2023

A quick and dirty primer in American civics.

The Vermont Supreme Court ruled Friday, Jan. 20, 2023, that noncitizen residents may continue to vote in municipal elections in Vermont’s capital city of Montpelier, stating that such voting in local elections doesn’t violate the state constitution. (AP Photo/Toby Talbot, File). Source: U.S. News and World Report (Jan. 23, 2023).

Can non-citizens vote in FEDERAL elections? No.

A federal election deals with national issues (think voting for the President). Federal law bars non-citizens from helping to decide those issues. Source: Illegal Immigration Reform Act, II(B)216(a)(1).

  • Are non-citizens

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Catherine Pugh, Esq.

Private Counsel. Former DOJ-CRT, Special Litigation Section, Public Defender; Adjunct Professor (law & undergrad). Developed Race & Law course.